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Objective: Viruses are agents that can infect all kinds of living organisms, and the most important hosts are humans, animals, plants, bacteria and fungi. Viral diseases are responsible for serious morbidity and mortality worldwide, are a major threat to public health, and remain a major problem worldwide. The recently prominent Coronaviruses (CoVs) within this group belong to the Coronaviridae family, subfamily Coronavirinae, and are large (genome size 26-32 kb), enveloped, single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA ) viruses that can infect both animals and humans. The world has experienced three epidemics caused by betaCoVs in the last two decades: SARS in 2002-03, MERS in 2012, and COVID-19, first identified in 2019. COVID-19 continues to be our current health problem and studies on the subject continue. Result and Discussion: The term "antiviral agents" is defined in very broad terms as substances other than virus-containing vaccine or specific antibody that can produce a protective or therapeutic effect for the clearly detectable effect of the infected host. Nature has the potential to cure humanity's helplessness against viruses with many different plant species with strong antiviral effects. During the screening of plants with antiviral effects, focusing on plants used in folk medicine is of great importance in terms of maximizing the benefit to humanity - saving time and effort by dealing with valuable ancient knowledge on a scientific basis. In this review, viral diseases and the plants used in these diseases and determined to be effective are mentioned.Copyright © 2022 University of Ankara. All rights reserved.
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Introduction and aim. We aimed to investigate whether systemic immune inflammatory index (SII) and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) were associated with short-term mortality in geriatric patients with SARS-CoV-2. Material and methods. Our study was designed retrospectively. The data of patients that presented to a single center. The primary outcome of the study was the diagnostic value of SII and PNI in predicting 28-day mortality in geriatric patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. Results. 272 geriatric patients with SARS-CoV-2 included. The median PNI was 42.5, and the median SII was 687.6 (430–1404.2). In univariant analysis, PNI and SII has a significant relationship with mortality (p<0.001 and p=0.008, Mann-Whitney U test). PNI had an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.680, which was significantly higher than that of SII (AUC: 0.6). The odds ratio of PNI (>40.1) and SII (<1.267) for 30-day mortality were determined as 1.12, and 1. Conclusion. In conclusion, the blood tests used to calculate PNI and SII are routinely included in complete blood count and biochemistry tests that can be performed in every hospital. According to the results of the current study, the mortality group had significantly higher SII values and significantly lower. © 2022 Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow. All Rights Reserved.
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This study's primary intent was to investigate the effect of extreme conditions, specifically the COVID-19 pandemic, by examining nurses' perceptions of authentic leadership, meaningful work, and job meaning, and to compare this with the nurses' perceptions from before the outbreak. In the study, 458 responses for both periods were analyzed and compared statistically by using the Mann–Whitney U test. The findings showed that nurses' perception of line managers' authenticity decreased during the outbreak. Therefore, in extreme conditions, leadership behaviors can be affected negatively by the context. During the outbreak, nurses attributed more meaning to their work. They felt more self-worth because of working for the greater good, and found greater meaning through the work during the COVID-19 outbreak compared to before the pandemic. The findings suggest that extreme conditions in a challenging environment can help nurses to find more meaning at work. For nurses, during the COVID-19 outbreak the purpose and meaning of their jobs remained the same as before the pandemic. Nursing requires different skills, talents, and opportunities for self-development, and it is challenging in nature. © 2023 by the authors.
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The objective of the work presented is to highlight experiences, impacts and challenges which students had to face during online learning and the corona-pandemic. This paper reports on findings of a survey conducted at a German university of applied sciences. An online survey was developed and administered. Responses were analyzed, using mostly descriptive statistics, and key findings are shared. These relate to experiences and challenges encountered by students during the time of online learning and revealing insights to the student perspective on online learning. These findings inform decision makers in considering future options regarding the use of technology for distance learning too. © 2022 IEEE.
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Objective: Viruses are agents that can infect all kinds of living organisms, and the most important hosts are humans, animals, plants, bacteria and fungi. Viral diseases are responsible for serious morbidity and mortality worldwide, are a major threat to public health, and remain a major problem worldwide. The recently prominent Coronaviruses (CoVs) within this group belong to the Coronaviridae family, subfamily Coronavirinae, and are large (genome size 26-32 kb), enveloped, single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA ) viruses that can infect both animals and humans. The world has experienced three epidemics caused by betaCoVs in the last two decades: SARS in 2002-03, MERS in 2012, and COVID-19, first identified in 2019. COVID-19 continues to be our current health problem and studies on the subject continue. Result and Discussion: The term "antiviral agents" is defined in very broad terms as substances other than virus-containing vaccine or specific antibody that can produce a protective or therapeutic effect for the clearly detectable effect of the infected host. Nature has the potential to cure humanity's helplessness against viruses with many different plant species with strong antiviral effects. During the screening of plants with antiviral effects, focusing on plants used in folk medicine is of great importance in terms of maximizing the benefit to humanity - saving time and effort by dealing with valuable ancient knowledge on a scientific basis. In this review, viral diseases and the plants used in these diseases and determined to be effective are mentioned.Copyright © 2022 University of Ankara. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Objective: Viruses are agents that can infect all kinds of living organisms, and the most important hosts are humans, animals, plants, bacteria and fungi. Viral diseases are responsible for serious morbidity and mortality worldwide, are a major threat to public health, and remain a major problem worldwide. The recently prominent Coronaviruses (CoVs) within this group belong to the Coronaviridae family, subfamily Coronavirinae, and are large (genome size 26-32 kb), enveloped, single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA ) viruses that can infect both animals and humans. The world has experienced three epidemics caused by betaCoVs in the last two decades: SARS in 2002-03, MERS in 2012, and COVID-19, first identified in 2019. COVID-19 continues to be our current health problem and studies on the subject continue. Result and Discussion: The term "antiviral agents" is defined in very broad terms as substances other than virus-containing vaccine or specific antibody that can produce a protective or therapeutic effect for the clearly detectable effect of the infected host. Nature has the potential to cure humanity's helplessness against viruses with many different plant species with strong antiviral effects. During the screening of plants with antiviral effects, focusing on plants used in folk medicine is of great importance in terms of maximizing the benefit to humanity - saving time and effort by dealing with valuable ancient knowledge on a scientific basis. In this review, viral diseases and the plants used in these diseases and determined to be effective are mentioned.Copyright © 2022 University of Ankara. All rights reserved.
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This study aims to evaluate the ability of physicians' predictions to predict mortality in COVID-19 patients and compare physician predictions with scores developed for COVID-19 patients in predicting mortality and patient worsening. This study was conducted prospectively in the emergency department. Patient data were collected between 20.03.2021 and 20.06.2021. Patients who applied to our hospital with COVID-19 symptoms and were confirmed to be COVID-19 by rt-PCR results were included in our study. Patients aged 18 years and over who were tr-PCR positive were included in the study. Quick COVID-19 Severity Index (qCSI), Brescia-COVID Respiratory Severity Scale (BCRSS), and CURB-65 scale were calculated and recorded by a researcher. A total of 176 patients were included in our study. There was no significant relationship between physicians' gestalt and 28-day mortality (p=0.121, p=0.282, Mann-Whitney U Test, respectively). Physicians' gestalt was found to be insufficient to predict mortality in COVID-19 patients. There was a significant difference between the CURB-65 short-term mortality group and the survivors. Copyright © 2022 Ondokuz Mayis Universitesi. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Objective: Viruses are agents that can infect all kinds of living organisms, and the most important hosts are humans, animals, plants, bacteria and fungi. Viral diseases are responsible for serious morbidity and mortality worldwide, are a major threat to public health, and remain a major problem worldwide. The recently prominent Coronaviruses (CoVs) within this group belong to the Coronaviridae family, subfamily Coronavirinae, and are large (genome size 26-32 kb), enveloped, single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) viruses that can infect both animals and humans. The world has experienced three epidemics caused by betaCoVs in the last two decades: SARS in 2002-03, MERS in 2012, and COVID-19, first identified in 2019. COVID-19 continues to be our current health problem and studies on the subject continue. Result and Discussion: The term "antiviral agents" is defined in very broad terms as substances other than virus-containing vaccine or specific antibody that can produce a protective or therapeutic effect for the clearly detectable effect of the infected host. Nature has the potential to cure humanity's helplessness against viruses with many different plant species with strong antiviral effects. During the screening of plants with antiviral effects, focusing on plants used in folk medicine is of great importance in terms of maximizing the benefit to humanity - saving time and effort by dealing with valuable ancient knowledge on a scientific basis. In this review, viral diseases and the plants used in these diseases and determined to be effective are mentioned. Copyright © 2022 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. All rights reserved.
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Objective: Viruses are agents that can infect all kinds of living organisms, and the most important hosts are humans, animals, plants, bacteria and fungi. Viral diseases are responsible for serious morbidity and mortality worldwide, are a major threat to public health, and remain a major problem worldwide. The recently prominent Coronaviruses (CoVs) within this group belong to the Coronaviridae family, subfamily Coronavirinae, and are large (genome size 26-32 kb), enveloped, single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA ) viruses that can infect both animals and humans. The world has experienced three epidemics caused by betaCoVs in the last two decades: SARS in 2002-03, MERS in 2012, and COVID-19, first identified in 2019. COVID-19 continues to be our current health problem and studies on the subject continue. Result and Discussion: The term "antiviral agents" is defined in very broad terms as substances other than virus-containing vaccine or specific antibody that can produce a protective or therapeutic effect for the clearly detectable effect of the infected host. Nature has the potential to cure humanity's helplessness against viruses with many different plant species with strong antiviral effects. During the screening of plants with antiviral effects, focusing on plants used in folk medicine is of great importance in terms of maximizing the benefit to humanity - saving time and effort by dealing with valuable ancient knowledge on a scientific basis. In this review, viral diseases and the plants used in these diseases and determined to be effective are mentioned.
ABSTRACT
Objective: Viruses are agents that can infect all kinds of living organisms, and the most important hosts are humans, animals, plants, bacteria and fungi. Viral diseases are responsible for serious morbidity and mortality worldwide, are a major threat to public health, and remain a major problem worldwide. The recently prominent Coronaviruses (CoVs) within this group belong to the Coronaviridae family, subfamily Coronavirinae, and are large (genome size 26−32 kb), enveloped, single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) viruses that can infect both animals and humans. The world has experienced three epidemics caused by betaCoVs in the last two decades: SARS in 2002−03, MERS in 2012, and COVID-19, first identified in 2019. COVID-19 continues to be our current health problem and studies on the subject continue. Result and Discussion: The term "antiviral agents" is defined in very broad terms as substances other than virus-containing vaccine or specific antibody that can produce a protective or therapeutic effect for the clearly detectable effect of the infected host. Nature has the potential to cure humanity's helplessness against viruses with many different plant species with strong antiviral effects. During the screening of plants with antiviral effects, focusing on plants used in folk medicine is of great importance in terms of maximizing the benefit to humanity - saving time and effort by dealing with valuable ancient knowledge on a scientific basis. In this review, viral diseases and the plants used in these diseases and determined to be effective are mentioned.
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Introduction: Many studies have shown the advantages of monitoring wastewater in the evaluation of microbiological pathogens circulating in the community. It was aimed to detect of SARS-CoV-2 RNA with a simple concentration method in wastewater in this study. Materials and Methods: In our study, 7 wastewater samples were investigated, which were collected from the Urban Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) of Çorum, between October to November 2020. Sorbent bags were left in water for 24 hours. Then they were used to trap and concentrate the virus. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA detected by using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assays. Results: As a result, 3 of the 7 samples taken were positive for N and ORF1ab target gene regions. Conclusion: This is the first study reporting the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater with different concentration and capture method.
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Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS). Since the vast majority of cases (more than 85%) are reported from Saudi Arabia, there is a pandemic potential for pilgrimage due to Hajj or Umrah. It is reported from Turkey that more than 400 thousand people went to Saudi Arabia for umrah and 61 thousand people for Hajj in 2014. In this study it is aimed to investigate the patients who had just returned from Makkah for Umrah and who also applied to the Infectious Disease Clinics at the Hitit University Erol Olcok Training and Research Hospital for having respiratory tract symptoms. Their serologic situations have been determined by ELISA whether there is any risk in terms of performing the Hajj and Umrah, and contracting MERS-CoV. Between January 1st to the 31st of October 2015, 40 people were included in this study, which were admitted to our hospital with upper respiratory tract complaints and had previously been in Saudi Arabia for Umrah within the last 15 days. As a control group, 40 healthy people without any complaints and travel histories to risky areas were selected. Their serum samples were taken and searched by MERS-CoV IgG ELISA (Euroimmun AG, Lübeck, Germany). The results ≤0.8 were considered as negative, ≥1.1 were as positive, 0.8-1.1 were suspected. All suspected and positive results have been revaluated and confirmed. Only two (5%) individuals from the patients’ group were found as positive for the MERS-CoV IgG antibodies, but individuals from the remaining patients’ group and also all control group members were determined as negative. Travels to Saudi Arabia could be a risk for exposure to MERS-CoV. Although there is no evidence, contamination could be realized by anthropologically due to crowds.
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Aim: This study aimed to determine the analysis of the laboratory parameters in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 during the early pandemic period in Turkey. Material and Methods : This retrospective descriptive study was conducted at a pandemic hospital. All hospitalized patients and outpatients with a positive RT-PCR assay for SARS-CoV-2 were included In the study. Demographics, clinical characteristics, vital parameters on admission, laboratory findings, and drugs used for SARS-CoV-2 infection were obtained from the computer-based patient data system of the hospital and analyzed. The primary outcome of the study was the laboratory parameters of patients with COVID-19. The secondary outcome was 30-day all-cause mortality following emergency department admission. Results: A total of 2,012 patients were included in study. The rates of hospitalization and 30-day mortality were 24% and 2%, respectively. The most common symptom was cough, and the most common comorbidity was hypertension. The neutrophil count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio values were elevated in the non-survivor group compared to the survivor group (P = 0.001, P < 0.001, and P = 0.020, respectively). The lymphocyte and platelet counts were elevated in the survivor group compared to the non-survivor group (P = 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). As predictors of mortality, the cut-off value for the neutrophil, lymphocyte and platelet counts, and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios were 5.68, 1.42, 195, 3.09, and 141.8, respectively, and the AUC was determined as 0.704, 0.714, 0.727, 0.745, and 0.610, respectively (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, and P = 0.023, respectively). Discussion: The results of the study demonstrated that the neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, platelet count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio are useful in determining prognosis in SARS-CoV-2 Infection.
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Aim: The riskiest working group in pandemics is healthcare workers. This study sought to determine the effect of the coronavirus 2019 pandemic on the mental health of healthcare workers. Material and Methods: The study, designed as a case-control, clinical observation study, was conducted on healthcare workers working in pandemic clinics during the pandemic period. One hundred fifty-three healthcare workers included. The study form included demographic data, marital status, working hours, job, Insomnia Severity Index, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Beck's Depression Inventory, and clinical questions. Turkish-adapted versions of all scales were applied. Results: In our clinical observation study, 26.2% of healthcare professionals working in pandemic clinics during the pandemic period were depressed (according to Beck's Depression Inventory), 39.8% had moderate and severe depression (according to the Patient Health Questionnaire-9), and 58.6% had insomnia (according to the Insomnia Severity Index). However, there was no significant difference between the subgroups of health workers in terms of depression and insomnia. Discussion: All medical and non-medical healthcare workers working in COVID 19 clinics during the pandemic have been widely adversely affected by the process.
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Background and Study Aim The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between leisure satisfaction, physical activity levels and healthy life-style behaviors of sport science students during the COVID-19 pandemic in distance education. Material and Methods In total, 218 sport science students participated in this study voluntarily. The short form of International Physical Activity Questionnaire was administered for the determination of physical activity level of distance education students. Their physical activity levels were categorized as inactive, minimally active, and physically active by using Metabolic Equivalent Term method. Health-promoting Life-style Profile Questionnaire was used with self-actualization, health responsibility, exercise, nutrition, interpersonal support, and stress management subscales. The leisure satisfaction scale was administered for the determination of leisure satisfaction. Results Results of Pearson's Product Moment Correlation Analyses indicated that there were positive significant correlations between "HLSB" and three sub-dimensions of "IPAQ" (MIA, VIA and Total). It was found positive correlation between "HLSB" and all sub-dimensions of "LSS" (Psychological, Educational, Social, Relaxation, Physiological and Aesthetical). Also, a significant positive correlation was found between four subdimensions of "LSS" (Social, Relaxation, Physiological and Aesthetical) and one sub-dimensions of "IPAQ" (W). It was observed that one sub-dimensions of "LSS" which is "Aesthetical", and a positive correlation between all sub-dimensions of "IPAQ" was found. Conclusions: The findings of the present study indicated that healthy life-style behaviors were indicators of LSS and IPAQ and also aesthetical was found between IPAQ of sport science students.
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Aim: This study aimed to determine the analysis of the laboratory parameters in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 during the early pandemic period in Turkey. Material and Methods: This retrospective descriptive study was conducted at a pandemic hospital. All hospitalized patients and outpatients with a positive RT-PCR assay for SARS-CoV-2 were included in the study. Demographics, clinical characteristics, vital parameters on admission, laboratory findings, and drugs used for SARS-CoV-2 infection were obtained from the computer-based patient data system of the hospital and analyzed. The primary outcome of the study was the laboratory parameters of patients with COVID-19. The secondary outcome was 30-day all-cause mortality following emergency department admis-sion. Results: A total of 2,012 patients were included in study. The rates of hospitalization and 30-day mortality were 24% and 2%, respectively. The most common symptom was cough, and the most common comorbidity was hypertension. The neutrophil count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio values were elevated in the non-survivor group compared to the survivor group (P = 0.001, P < 0.001, and P = 0.020, respectively). The lymphocyte and platelet counts were elevated in the survivor group compared to the non-survivor group (P = 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). As predictors of mortality, the cut-off value for the neutrophil, lymphocyte and platelet counts, and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios were 5.68, 1.42, 195, 3.09, and 141.8, respectively, and the AUC was determined as 0.704, 0.714, 0.727, 0.745, and 0.610, respectively (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, and P = 0.023, respectively). Discussion: The results of the study demonstrated that the neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, platelet count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio are useful in determining prognosis in SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Background and Aim: The coronavirus outbreak of 2019 (COVID-19) was announced as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020. Similar to many other countries, a national emergency was declared in our country. In order to reserve the healthcare capacity for the COVID-19 patients by preventing hospitals from overloading, the routine of healthcare systems had to be remodeled. In many centers worldwide, the number of ACS patients applying to emergency services and being followed in coronary intensive care units were reported to be reduced following the COVID-19 pandemic, along with increased time before treatment and increased in-hospital mortality rate. These aspects have not been thoroughly evaluated in our country so far. Methods: In this retrospective study, the data of the ACS patients who applied to our clinic before (March-April 2019) and during (March-April 2020) the COVID-19 pandemic were evaluated in regards to the type of application to the clinic, symptom duration, door-to-balloon times, treatment approaches, length of hospitalization, in-hospital mortality and complication rates. The data were obtained from the patient files and the hospital's database. Results: The number of ACS patients that applied to our clinic, which operated as a 'COVID-free' tertiary referral center, before (n=98) and during (n=98) the pandemic was the same. In these two periods, NSTEMI diagnosis was similar (n=53, 54% vs. n=52, 53%), however, a decrease in the number of patients diagnosed with USAP (n=11, 11% vs. n=5, 5%), and an increase in STEMI patients (n=34, 34% vs. n=41, 42%) was remarkable. We observed an increase in the interval between the onset of symptoms and hospital admission during the pandemic (median 88.3 hrs vs. 106.5 hrs, p=0.02). In the patients treated with PCI revascularization, there was no significant change in the door-to-balloon time (median 64 min vs. 76 min, p=0.96). While there was a numerical increase in the complication rate during PCI, this increase was not statistically significant (n=6, %6.1 vs. n=11, %11.2, p=0,20). In-hospital mortality was %1.0 (n=1) before the pandemic, and increased to 3.1% (n=3) during the pandemic (p=0.14). Conclusions: During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was an increase in the interval between the onset of symptoms and hospital admission among ACS patients, which may either be attributed to patient or transfer issues. On the other hand, door-to-balloon times were similar. While there was an increase in patients with STEMI, there was a decrease in patients with USAP. Unlike the observations worldwide, the total number of ACS patients remained stable during the pandemic. We attributed this to the fact that our clinic operated as a 'COVID-free' tertiary referral center, and there was an increase in the number of patients referred from other clinics in this period. There were no significant changes in the complication and mortality rates.